Simple AdBlock

Important news

This package is now obsolete and OpenWrt version 23.05.0 and newer will include the adblock-fast package instead. If you’re using an older release of OpenWrt you can upgrade to adblock-fast by adding a custom repo to your router following instructions on GitHub/jsDelivr first.

Description

A simple DNSMASQ/Unbound-based AdBlocking service for OpenWrt.

Features

Super-fast due to the nature of supported block-lists and parallel downloading/processing of the block-lists.
Supports hosts files and domains lists for blocking.
Everything is configurable from Web UI.
Allows you to easily add your own domains to allow-list or block-list.
Allows you to easily add URLs to your own blocked hosts or domains lists to allow/block-list (just put allowed domains one per line in the file you’re linking).
Supports multiple modes of AdBlocking implementations with DNSMASQ and Unbound.
Doesn’t stay in memory – creates the list of blocked domains and then uses DNSMASQ/Unbound and firewall rules to serve NXDOMAIN or 127.0.0.1 reply or to reject access (depending on settings) for blocked domains.
As some of the default lists are using https, reliably works with either wget/libopenssl, uclient-fetch/libustream-mbedtls or curl.
Very lightweight and easily hackable, the whole script is just one /etc/init.d/simple-adblock file.
Retains the downloaded/sorted AdBlocking list on service stop and reuses it on service start (use dl command if you want to force re-download of the list).
Has an option to store a compressed copy of the AdBlocking list in persistent memory which survives reboots.
Blocks ads served over https (unlike PixelServ-derived solutions).
Blocks ads inside browsers with DNS-over-HTTPS proxy built-in, like Mozilla Firefox or Google Chrome/Chromium – with the dnsmasq.ipset option.
Proudly made in Canada, using locally-sourced electrons.

If you want a more robust AdBlocking, supporting free memory detection and complex block-lists, supporting IDN, check out net/adblock on GitHub/jsDelivr.

Screenshots (luci-app-simple-adblock)

Service Status

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Configuration - Basic Configuration

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Configuration - Advanced Configuration

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Allowed and Blocked Lists Management

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Requirements

Starting with OpenWrt 19.07 and up the required packages should be automatically installed when you install simple-adblock.

Requirements for file:// Scheme

If you want to include some local files as the allow-lists or block-lists, you need to install curl:

opkg update; opkg install curl;

Requirements for DNS Resolver

In order to actually block the ads, this service requires one of the following DNS resolvers to be installed on your router: dnsmasq or dnsmasq-full or unbound. The dnsmasq package is usually included in the default OpenWrt installation.

If you want to use the dnsmasq.ipset option you need to install ipset and dnsmasq-full instead of the dnsmasq. To do that, connect to your router via ssh and run the following command:

opkg update; cd /tmp/ && opkg download dnsmasq-full; opkg install ipset libnettle8 libnetfilter-conntrack3;
opkg remove dnsmasq; opkg install dnsmasq-full --cache /tmp/; rm -f /tmp/dnsmasq-full*.ipk;

Requirements for IPv6 Support

For IPv6 support additionally install ip6tables-mod-nat and kmod-ipt-nat6 packages from Web UI or run the following in the command line:

opkg update; opkg install ip6tables-mod-nat kmod-ipt-nat6;

Requirements for Faster Block-list Processing

The gawk, grep, sed and coreutils-sort are the optional, but recommended packages as they speed up processing dramatically. You can install these recommended packages by running the following command:

opkg --force-overwrite install gawk grep sed coreutils-sort

Unmet Dependencies

If you are running a development (snapshot) build of OpenWrt on your router and your build is outdated (meaning that packages of the same revision/commit hash are no longer available and when you try to satisfy the requirements you get errors), please flash either current OpenWrt release image or current development/snapshot image.

How To Install

Install simple-adblock and luci-app-simple-adblock packages from Web UI or run the following in the command line:

opkg update; opkg install simple-adblock luci-app-simple-adblock

If simple-adblock and luci-app-simple-adblock packages are not found in the official feed/repo for your version of OpenWrt, you will need to add a custom repo to your router following instructions on GitHub/jsDelivr first.

Default Settings

Default configuration has the service disabled (use Web UI to enable/start service or run uci set simple-adblock.config.enabled=1; uci commit simple-adblock;) and selected ad/malware lists suitable for routers with 64Mb RAM.

If your router has less then 64Mb RAM, edit the configuration file, located at /etc/config/simple-adblock. The configuration file has lists in ascending order starting with smallest ones and each list has a preceding comment indicating its size, comment out or delete the lists you don’t want or your router can’t handle.

How To Customize

You can use Web UI (found in Services/Simple AdBlock) to add/remove/edit links to:

hosts files (127.0.0.1 or 0.0.0.0 followed by space and domain name per line) to be blocked.
domains lists (one domain name per line) to be blocked.
domains lists (one domain name per line) to be allowed. It is useful if you want to run simple-adblock on multiple routers and maintain one centralized allow-list which you can publish on a web-server.

Please note that these lists must include either http:// or https:// (or, if curl is installed the file://) prefix. Some of the top block-lists (both hosts files and domains lists) suitable for routers with at least 8MB RAM are used in the default simple-adblock installation.

You can also use Web UI to add individual domains to be blocked or allowed.

If you want to use CLI to customize simple-adblock config, refer to the Configuration Settings section.

How To Use

Once the service is enabled in the config file, run /etc/init.d/simple-adblock start to start the service. Either /etc/init.d/simple-adblock restart or /etc/init.d/simple-adblock reload will only restart the service and/or re-download the lists if there were relevant changes in the config file since the last successful start. Had the previous start resulted in any error, either /etc/init.d/simple-adblock start, /etc/init.d/simple-adblock restart or /etc/init.d/simple-adblock reload will attempt to re-download the lists.

If you want to remove the domain(s) from the current block-list and add domain(s) to the config’s allow-list, run /etc/init.d/simple-adblock allow test-domain.com.

If you want to check if the specific domain (or part of the domain name) is being blocked, run /etc/init.d/simple-adblock check test-domain.com.

If you want to force simple-adblock to re-download the lists, run /etc/init.d/simple-adblock dl.

Configuration Settings

In the Web UI the simple-adblock settings are split into basic and advanced settings. The full list of configuration parameters of simple-adblock.config section is:

Web UI Section	Parameter	Type	Default	Description
Basic	enabled	boolean	0	Enable/disable the `simple-adblock` service.
Basic	config_update_enabled	boolean	0	Enable/disable the `simple-adblock` config update. Oftentimes, the URLs to the blocked hosts/domains files become obsolete/outdated, resulting in the error during lists download stage. `simple-adblock` already updates users’ config files during install/reinstall, if you enable this variable it will also attempt to fetch and use the most recent config update file before downloading allow/block-lists.
-	config_update_url	string	Link	By default, the config update URL is set to fetch the config update file from the jsDelivr CDN cache of the official OpenWrt source code repository. You can set it to a different URL from CLI/uci only if you wish.
-	procd_trigger_wan6	boolean	0	The service is started on WAN interface updates. As OpenWrt may have floods of WAN6 updates, the workaround for having the service started was to implement the `procd_trigger_wan6` boolean option (set to ‘0’ as default) to enable/disable service start to be triggered by the WAN6 updates.
-	procd_boot_wan_timeout	integer	60	The time (in seconds) the service will wait for the WAN interface discovery on boot.
Basic	verbosity	integer	2	Can be set to 0, 1 or 2 to control the console and system log output verbosity of the `simple-adblock` service.
Basic	force_dns	boolean	1	Force router’s DNS to local devices which may have different/hardcoded DNS server settings. If enabled, creates a firewall rule to intercept DNS requests from local devices to external DNS servers and redirect them to router.
Basic	led	string	none	Use one of the router LEDs to indicate the AdBlocking status.
Advanced	dns	string	dnsmasq.servers	DNS resolution option. See table below for addtional information.
	dns_instance	string	0	String of space-separated DNSMASQ instance numbers (or ‘*’ for all) to be affected by the service. See table below for addtional information.
Advanced	ipv6_enabled	boolean	0	Add IPv6 entries to block-list if `dnsmasq.addnhosts` is used. This option is only visible in Web UI if the `dnsmasq.addnhosts` is selected as the DNS resolution option.
Advanced	download_timeout	integer	10	Time-out downloads if no reply received within that many last seconds.
Advanced	curl_additional_param	string		If `curl` is installed and detected, you can pass any additional parameters to `curl` command line with this option.
Advanced	curl_max_file_size	integer	30000000	If `curl` is installed and detected, it would not download files bigger than this.
Advanced	curl_retry	integer	3	If `curl` is installed and detected, attempt that many retries for failed downloads.
Advanced	parallel_downloads	boolean	1	If enabled, all downloads are completed concurrently, if disabled – sequentioally. Concurrent downloads dramatically speed up service loading.
Advanced	debug	boolean	0	If enabled, output service full debug to `/tmp/simple-adblock.log`. Please note that the debug file may clog up the router’s RAM on some devices. Use with caution.
Advanced	allow_non_ascii	boolean	0	Enable support for non-ASCII characters in the final AdBlocking file. Only enable if your target service supports non-ASCII characters. If you enable this on the system where DNS resolver doesn’t support non-ASCII characters, it will crash. Use with caution.
Advanced	compressed_cache	boolean	0	Create compressed cache of the AdBlocking file in router’s persistent memory. Only recommended to be used on routers with large ROM and/or routers with metered/flaky internet connection.
Advanced	compressed_cache_dir	directory	/etc	Create compressed cache of the AdBlocking file in this directory. This option is only visible in Web UI if the `compressed_cache` option is enabled.
	dnsmasq_config_file_url	string		Link (URL) to the dnsmasq config file. If this option is set (non-empty), all the other lists are ignored (and will be deleted when you click Save & Apply in the WebUI. The dnsmasq config file is downloaded and used as is (not optimized), besides sanitization to exclude any malformant entries.
	allowed_domain	list/string		List of allowed domains.
	allowed_domains_url	list/string		List of URL(s) to text files containing allowed domains. Must include either `http://` or `https://` (or, if `curl` is installed the `file://`) prefix. Useful if you want to keep/publish a single allow-list for multiple routers.
	blocked_adblockplus_url	list/string		List of URL(s) to AdBlockPlus-formatted files containing blocked domains. Must include either `http://` or `https://` (or, if `curl` is installed the `file://`) prefix.
	blocked_domain	list/string		List of blocked domains.
	blocked_domains_url	list/string		List of URL(s) to text files containing blocked domains. Must include either `http://` or `https://` (or, if `curl` is installed the `file://`) prefix.
	blocked_hosts_url	list/string		List of URL(s) to hosts files containing block-listed domains. Must include either `http://` or `https://` (or, if `curl` is installed the `file://`) prefix.

DNS Resolution Option

Currently supported options are:

Option	Explanation
`dnsmasq.addnhosts`	Creates the DNSMASQ additional hosts file `/var/run/simple-adblock.addnhosts` and modifies DNSMASQ settings, so that DNSMASQ resolves all blocked domains to “local machine”: 127.0.0.1. This option doesn’t allow block-list optimization (by removing secondary level domains if the top-level domain is also in the block-list), so it results in a much larger block-list file, but, unlike other DNSMASQ-based options, it has almost no effect on the DNS look up speed. This option also allows quick reloads of DNSMASQ on block-list updates. This setting also allows you to configure which DNSMASQ instances would be affected by AdBlocking via `dns_instance` option.
`dnsmasq.conf`	Creates the DNSMASQ config file `/var/dnsmasq.d/simple-adblock` so that DNSMASQ replies with NXDOMAIN: “domain not found”. This option allows the block-list optimization (by removing secondary level domains if the top-level domain is also in the block-list), resulting in the smaller block-list file. This option will slow down DNS look up speed somewhat.
`dnsmasq.ipset`	Creates the DNSMASQ ipset file `/var/dnsmasq.d/simple-adblock.ipset` and the firewall rule to reject the matching requests. This is the only option for AdBlocking if you’re using a browser with DNS-over-HTTPS proxy built-in, like Mozilla Firefox or Google Chrome/Chromium. This option allows the block-list optimization (by removing secondary level domains if the top-level domain is also in the block-list), resulting in the smaller block-list file. This option requires installation of `dnsmasq-full` and `ipset` packages. PLEASE NOTE, that unlike other options which are truly domain name based blocking, this is essentially an IP address based blocking, ie: if you try to block `google-analytics.com` with this option, it may also block/break things like YouTube, Hangouts and other Google services if they share IP address(es) with `google-analytics.com`.
`dnsmasq.nftset`	Creates the DNSMASQ nft set file `/var/dnsmasq.d/simple-adblock.nftset` and the firewall rule to reject the matching requests. This is the only option for AdBlocking if you’re using a browser with DNS-over-HTTPS proxy built-in, like Mozilla Firefox or Google Chrome/Chromium. This option allows the block-list optimization (by removing secondary level domains if the top-level domain is also in the block-list), resulting in the smaller block-list file. This option requires installation of `dnsmasq-full` and `nft` packages. PLEASE NOTE, that unlike other options which are truly domain name based blocking, this is essentially an IP address based blocking, ie: if you try to block `google-analytics.com` with this option, it may also block/break things like YouTube, Hangouts and other Google services if they share IP address(es) with `google-analytics.com`.
`dnsmasq.servers`	Creates the DNSMASQ servers file `/var/run/simple-adblock.servers` and modifies DNSMASQ settings so that DNSMASQ replies with NXDOMAIN: “domain not found”. This option allows the block-list optimization (by removing secondary level domains if the top-level domain is also in the block-list), resulting in the smaller block-list file. This option will slow down DNS look up speed somewhat. This is a default setting as it results in the smaller block-file and allows quick reloads of DNSMASQ. This setting also allows you to configure which DNSMASQ instances would be affected by AdBlocking via `dns_instance` option.
`unbound.adb_list`	Creates the Unbound config file `/var/lib/unbound/adb_list.simple-adblock` so that Unbound replies with NXDOMAIN: “domain not found”. This option allows the block-list optimization (by removing secondary level domains if the top-level domain is also in the block-list), resulting in the smaller block-list file.

Default config

The default config file installed with the package can be found here. The config file contains some comments to explain some settings and the lists which are too big for most routers are commented out by default as well.

How Does It Work

This service downloads (and processes in the background, removing comments and other useless data) lists of hosts and domains to be blocked, combines those lists into one big block-list, removes duplicates and sorts it and then removes your allowed domains from the block-list before converting to to DNSMASQ/Unbound-compatible file and restarting DNSMASQ/Unbound if needed. The result of the process is that DNSMASQ/Unbound return NXDOMAIN or 127.0.0.1 (depending on settings) for the blocked domains.

If you specify google.com as a domain to be allowed, you will have access to google.com, www.google.com, analytics.google.com, but not fake domains like email-google.com or drive.google.com.verify.signin.normandeassociation.com for example. If you only want to allow www.google.com while blocking all other google.com subdomains, just specify www.google.com as domain to be allowed.

In general, whatever domain is specified to be allowed; it, along with with its subdomains will be allowed, but not any fake domains containing it.

How It Does Not Work

For most of the DNS Resolution Options to work, your local LAN clients need to be set to use your router’s DNS (by default 192.168.1.1). The dnsmasq.addnhosts is the only option which can help you block ads if your local LAN clients are NOT using your router’s DNS. There are multiple ways your local LAN clients can be set to NOT use your router’s DNS:

Hardcoded on the device. Some Android Lollipop 5.0 phones, some media-centric tablets and some streaming devices for example are known to have hardcoded DNS servers and they ignore your router’s DNS settings. You can fix this by either:
- Rooting your device and changing it from hardcoded DNS servers to obtaining DNS servers from DHCP.
- Enabling simple-adblock’s force_dns setting to override the hardcoded DNS on your device.
Manually set on the device. Instead of setting your device to obtain the DNS settings via DHCP, you can set the DNS servers manually. There are some guides online which recommend manually changing the DNS servers on your computer to Google’s (8.8.8.8) or Cloudflare’s (1.1.1.1) or OpenDNS (208.67.222.222). You can fix this by either:
- Changing the on-device DNS settings from manual to obtaining DNS servers from DHCP and changing your router’s DNS settings to use the DNS from Google, Cloudflare or OpenDNS respectively.
- Enabling simple-adblock’s force_dns setting to override the hardcoded DNS on your device.
Sent to your device from router via DHCP Options. You can fix this by either:
- Removing DHCP Options 5 and 6 from your router’s /etc/config/dhcp file.
- Enabling simple-adblock’s force_dns setting to override the hardcoded DNS on your device.
By using the DNS-over-TLS, DNS-over-HTTPS or DNSCrypt on your local device or (if supported) by browser on your local device. You can fix this only by:
- Stopping/removing/disabling DNS-over-TLS, DNS-over-HTTPS or DNSCrypt on your local device and using the secure DNS on your router instead. There are merits to all three of the options above, I can recommend the https-dns-proxy and luci-app-https-dns-proxy packages for enabling DNS-over-HTTPS on your router.
If you are running a wireguard “server” on your router and remote clients connect to it, the AdBlocking may not work properly for your remote clients until you add the following to /etc/network (credit to dibdot):
```
config route
  option interface 'wg0'
  option target '192.168.1.0'
  option netmask '255.255.255.0'
```

Documentation / Discussion

Please head to OpenWrt Forum for discussion of this package.

Thanks

I’d like to thank everyone who helped create, test and troubleshoot this service. Special thanks to @hnyman for general package/luci guidance, @dibdot for general guidance and block-list optimization code, @ckuethe for the curl support, non-ASCII filtering and compressed cache code, @EricLuehrsen for the Unbound support information, @vgaetera for firewall-related advice, @mushoz for performance testing and @phasecat for submitting various bugs and testing.